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What are Laser Hazard Classification Standards

ryan-frank | Feb 9, 2010 |

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Featuring a variety of power ranges, lasers require special classifications that mandate their specific safety procedures. Cold lasers used for non-invasive medical procedures pose no harm to the body, but other lasers that have powerful frequencies present burn and radiation dangers. These are defined by the laser hazard classification system. Based on the frequency of the beam, laser hazard classifications serve to determine when special care needs to be taken in their use. What are the laser hazard classifications in terms of power and frequency?

Any laser or laser system produced by a manufacturer is required by federal law to be classified, like with Zerona lasers. Should a laser be modified to suit a new purpose, it will need new classification. Lasers are assigned to 1 of 4 categories, depending on their potential to cause biological damage.

Class I
Any laser included in this category cannot emit laser radiation at known hazardous levels. Class I lasers are exempted from controls for radiation hazard during operation and maintenance, although special care is mandated in their maintenance. Lasers that can be included in this group include your standard laser pointer or cat toy.

Class IA
This category holds a special designation based on a 1000 second exposure. These lasers aren't intended for viewing. One example is a grocery store laser scanner. The emission standard for the IA laser is an emission not exceeding class I for a duration of 1000 seconds. These lasers pose no harm for the body, so long as the beam exposure is less than 1000 seconds.

Class II
This class includes low power visible lasers emitting radiation above Class I levels but below a radiant power of 1 mW. This is based on the assumption that any person will be protected by the human natural aversion reaction to bright light. Specific controls are regulated to this category.

Class IIIA
This class of intermediately powered lasers are only considered hazardous for intrabeam viewing. Limited controls are applied.

Class IIIB
This category includes moderately powered lasers that aren't fire hazards but can still produce a hazardous diffuse reaction. These lasers have specific controls on their use.

Class IV
These are high powered lasers that are considered dangerous in any condition. They present a serious fire hazard and can damage the skin. Specific controls regulate their use.